Use Chapter 1 as a
Reference
Directions:
Complete using your textbook to find
answers to the following questions. Next
week we will spend going over this information and answering any questions that
come up. Good luck and have fun!
Outline Grading Criteria
Empty Outline 1:
What are the properties
of a living organism?
Survey of the Kingdoms
What is Science
(Scientific Method)
Introduction
The science of biology is enormous in
scope—it spans unimaginable size scales, from the study of submicroscopic
molecules to the global distribution of biological communities which contain an
estimated 5 to 100 million different species of organisms. The field of biology
encompasses life over incomprehensible stretches of time, from the present to
nearly 4 billion years ago. With rapid information flow (via the Internet,
books, magazines, scientific journals, etc.) and an explosion of discoveries in
labs and field stations around the world each year, biology is in a continuous
state of change making it impossible for any one individual to keep pace.
Fortunately, there are several enduring themes that pervade the science of
biology. This Active Learning Exercise, together with chapter 1 of your
textbook, will introduce you to these unifying themes—
·
Life’s
Hierarchical Order
·
A
Survey of the Kingdoms
·
Science
as a Process
Keep these themes in mind as you
study biology in this course and in your future biological endeavors.
Life’s Hierarchical Order
Complete the diagram below of life’s
hierarchical order. Write a concise definition next to each term.
Life’s Hierarchical Order
At the Organismal Level Beyond
the Individual Organism
Atoms Organisms
in a single species in a
particular area
Molecules Populations
Organelles Ecosystems
Cells Biomes
Tissues Biosphere
(Earth)
Organs
Organ
Systems
Organisms
Emergent Properties of
Life:
1. Describe the emergent properties of life
here as found on page 5 of your text:
Some of these terms you will first need to define, then explain how/why
they are a characteristic of living organisms. In other words,
list and describe seven of the major characteristics that all living things
have in common.
a) Order
b) reproduction
c) growth and development
d) energy utilization
e) response to the environment
f)
homeostasis
g) evolutionary adaptation
Kingdom Diversity
1. Define what a prokaryotic cell
is. Describe the major parts. Use chapter 7 (Chapter 1 also has info).
2. Define what a eukaryotic cell
is. Describe the major parts. Use chapter 7 (Chapter 1 also has info).
3.
Although there is no single correct way to classify the great diversity
of life on our planet, the five-kingdom approach is widely used by many
biologists. List the five kingdoms of life, give examples of each, and indicate
the major distinguishing features between the kingdoms. In addition to Chapter
1, use Chapter 26 as a reference.
4. Indicate which of
the five kingdoms the following characteristics would be
associated with. We
are putting bacteria and archeabacteria into a
kingdom titled Monera (bacteria).
a. Unicellular, prokaryotic
b. multicellular and autotrophic
c. unicellular, eukaryotic, autotrophic
d. multicellular, heterotrophic, ingestive
e. multicellular and photosynthetic
f.
unicellular
and eukaryotic
g. multicellular, heterotrophic, absorptive
Science as a
Process (Scientific Method) (Use Chapter 1 as a
resource)
1. What are the steps to the scientific
method? Describe each.
2. What are the parts to a controlled
experiment?
3. What are the limits of science?
4.
Teleological statements are unproductive in explaining the cause for
various scientific phenomena.
a)
What is teleology?
b)
Take these two teleological statements and correctly phrase them so that
they do not imply goal or purpose and are therefore more scientific.
1) “Birds have wings
so that they can fly”.
2) “Ducks developed
webbed feet to be able to swim more efficiently”.
5. Why are
teleological statements unscientific?